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"Introduction to the Ottoman Empire. ." Accessed December 12, 2013. http://webpath.follettsoftware.com.
Sardar, Marika. "The Greater Ottoman Empire, 1600–1800". In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/grot/hd_grot.htm (October 2003)
"The Decline of the Ottoman Empire. ." Accessed December 13, 2013. http://lostislamichistory.com.
"The History of the Ottoman Empire. ." Accessed December 12, 2013. www.slideshare.net.
"The Ottoman Empire. ." Accessed December 12, 2013. http://webpath.follettsoftware.com.
"The Balkan League Versus the Ottoman Empire." Gale World History in Context. Detroit: Gale,2012. World History in Context. Web. 13 Dec. 2013
"Ottomans fighting off Persian invaders. The Persians often invaded Ottoman territory, trying to gain..." Middle East Conflict. Sonia G. Benson. Ed. Jennifer Stock. 2nd ed. Vol. 1: Almanac. Detroit: U*X*L, 2012. World History in Context. Web. 11 Dec. 2013.
"Sahat Kula, an Ottoman Clock Tower in Podgorica, Montenegro. It Is One of the Very Few Ottoman Landmarks That Survived World War II Bombings." Junior Worldmark Encyclopedia of the Nations. Ed. Timothy L. Gall, Susan Bevan Gall, and Derek M. Gleason. 6th ed. Detroit: UXL, 2010. World History in Context. Web. 13 Dec. 2
Milstein, Rachel. "Ottoman Art and Architecture." Dictionary of the Middle Ages. Ed. Joseph R. Strayer. Vol. Supplement. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2004. World History in Context. Web. 16 Dec. 2013.
Abd al-Rahman Ibn Khaldun." World Eras. Ed. Susan L. Douglass. Vol. 2: Rise and Spread of Islam, 622-1500. Detroit: Gale, 2002. 235-236. World History in Context. Web. 16 Dec. 2013.
Inalcik, Halil. "Ottomans." Dictionary of the Middle Ages. Ed. Joseph R. Strayer. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1989. World History in Context. Web. 11 Dec. 2013.
"Introduction to the Ottoman Empire. ." Accessed December 12, 2013. http://webpath.follettsoftware.com.
Sardar, Marika. "The Greater Ottoman Empire, 1600–1800". In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/grot/hd_grot.htm (October 2003)
"The Decline of the Ottoman Empire. ." Accessed December 13, 2013. http://lostislamichistory.com.
"The History of the Ottoman Empire. ." Accessed December 12, 2013. www.slideshare.net.
"The Ottoman Empire. ." Accessed December 12, 2013. http://webpath.follettsoftware.com.
"The Balkan League Versus the Ottoman Empire." Gale World History in Context. Detroit: Gale,2012. World History in Context. Web. 13 Dec. 2013
"Ottomans fighting off Persian invaders. The Persians often invaded Ottoman territory, trying to gain..." Middle East Conflict. Sonia G. Benson. Ed. Jennifer Stock. 2nd ed. Vol. 1: Almanac. Detroit: U*X*L, 2012. World History in Context. Web. 11 Dec. 2013.
"Sahat Kula, an Ottoman Clock Tower in Podgorica, Montenegro. It Is One of the Very Few Ottoman Landmarks That Survived World War II Bombings." Junior Worldmark Encyclopedia of the Nations. Ed. Timothy L. Gall, Susan Bevan Gall, and Derek M. Gleason. 6th ed. Detroit: UXL, 2010. World History in Context. Web. 13 Dec. 2
Milstein, Rachel. "Ottoman Art and Architecture." Dictionary of the Middle Ages. Ed. Joseph R. Strayer. Vol. Supplement. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2004. World History in Context. Web. 16 Dec. 2013.
Abd al-Rahman Ibn Khaldun." World Eras. Ed. Susan L. Douglass. Vol. 2: Rise and Spread of Islam, 622-1500. Detroit: Gale, 2002. 235-236. World History in Context. Web. 16 Dec. 2013.
Inalcik, Halil. "Ottomans." Dictionary of the Middle Ages. Ed. Joseph R. Strayer. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1989. World History in Context. Web. 11 Dec. 2013.