This part of the Ottoman Empire refers to military and governmental achievements.
The picture above is an example of one of Ottoman Empire's great achievements. As one of the first empires to implement gunpowder based artillery, they also implemented the use of muskets which allowed them to greatly overpower their foes and rivals. This not only helped them expand the empire even more vastly, but also gave the rest of the world some insight into how to make advancements in their own military technology.
The invention of muskets led them to discover more powder oriented weaponry, much like this piece of artillery used to bring down neighboring and less powerful nations. One of Ottoman's great achievements is how powerful and expansive they had become. Depending upon their technology, their achievements are intertwined. These achievements go to show how the human mind evolves small ideas by adding onto them.
The Ottoman's military superiority came mostly from their artillery advancements. Although they Ottomans held up very well with their military strength, there was much more they put in the equation. They took Christian slaves during their youth and trained them in military combat, converting them to Islam at the same time.
Not only were they able to conquer more and more land, and expand their empire vastly, but a leader named Sulyeman had an excellent ability to maintain the land that was captured. He used both civil and governmental methods to make the populous feel equal and not controlled or oppressed. Freedom of religion was granted, due to his belief in the inability to morally and religiously force conversion.
The fall of the Ottoman Empire can be contributed to the lack of ability, and the illiteracy of multiple rulers. Sulyeman killed his most able son and left the least capable one in a place of immense power. This was the catalyst in the total collapse, and dismantling of what once was a great achievement.
After Suleyman’s death there was a progressive decline in the Ottoman Empire. The Empire did expand, but many defeats began to make the Ottoman military a defensive force rather than an offensive one. At the battle of Lepanto in 1571, Turkey suffered a naval defeat against the Spanish and the Venetians. Selim II was known for drinking frequently, causing his death when he fell while drunk. Many successors entered alliances with foes, rather than conquering. Murad III allied himself with England against Spain. The military troops replaced Sultan Mustafa I with Osman II in 1622. The original Osman I line continued after his reign, but not without the problems of military loss, mental problems, and drinking problems. By the reign of Mehmed IV, the Sultan position gave up a lot of power to the grand vizers.